Gung Bayu Aji Alam Saputra

Introduction

Hai,

Gung Bayu Aji Alam Saputra 2206100243 Class of MetNum-03

Designing A Storage System For Hydrogen

Designing a storage system for hydrogen at 8 bar involves several important considerations. Here are some general steps in designing a storage system for hydrogen at 8 bar: If you have a hydrogen tank with a volume of approximately 1 liter and you want to compress the hydrogen to 8 bar, there are a few considerations to keep in mind:

1. Tank Selection: Choose a hydrogen tank that is suitable for the desired volume and pressure. Ensure that the tank is designed and rated for the specific pressure of 8 bar. Consider factors such as the material of the tank, its structural integrity, and any safety features it may have.

2. Tank Capacity: Confirm that the tank's volume of approximately 1 liter is sufficient for your storage needs. Keep in mind that hydrogen under high pressure will occupy less volume than at standard conditions. Compression to 8 bar will significantly reduce the volume of the hydrogen.

3. Safety Measures: Compressing hydrogen to 8 bar involves potential safety hazards. Ensure that the tank and associated equipment are designed with appropriate safety measures, such as pressure relief valves and other safety mechanisms, to handle the higher pressure and mitigate any potential risks.

4. Regulatory Compliance: It's important to comply with applicable regulations and standards for hydrogen storage and handling. Make sure that the tank and the overall storage system meet the necessary regulatory requirements to ensure safe operation.

When considering the material for a hydrogen tank that will be compressed to 8 bar, there are several options to consider. The choice of material is crucial as it needs to be able to withstand the pressure and ensure the safety and integrity of the tank. Here are some common materials used for hydrogen storage:

1. Steel: High-strength steel alloys are commonly used for hydrogen storage tanks. They offer good mechanical properties and can withstand high pressures. Steel tanks are relatively cost-effective and widely used in various applications.

2. Aluminum: Aluminum alloys are lightweight and have good corrosion resistance. They are often used for lightweight portable hydrogen tanks. However, aluminum has lower strength compared to steel, so thicker walls or additional reinforcement may be required to handle the higher pressure.

3. Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP): CFRP tanks consist of carbon fiber-reinforced composite materials combined with a polymer matrix. They offer high strength-to-weight ratios and good resistance to corrosion. CFRP tanks are lightweight and suitable for portable or automotive applications.

4. Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP): GFRP tanks are similar to CFRP tanks but use glass fiber instead of carbon fiber. They offer good strength and corrosion resistance but are generally heavier than CFRP tanks. GFRP tanks are used in various industrial and automotive applications.

5. Composite Materials: Other composite materials, such as fiberglass composites or hybrid composites, may also be used for hydrogen storage tanks. These materials offer a combination of strength, weight savings, and corrosion resistance.

The fabrication process for hydrogen tanks involves the construction and assembly of the tank using the chosen material and appropriate manufacturing techniques. Here are the general steps involved in the fabrication of a hydrogen tank:

1. Design and Engineering: The fabrication process begins with the design and engineering phase. This includes determining the dimensions, shape, and structural requirements of the tank based on its intended use, capacity, and pressure rating. Design considerations also involve incorporating safety features, such as pressure relief valves and inspection points.

2. Material Preparation: The chosen material, whether it is steel, aluminum, CFRP, or another composite material, is prepared for fabrication. This may involve cutting, shaping, or molding the material into the desired form for the tank components.

3. Component Fabrication: The tank components, such as the cylindrical body, end caps, and fittings, are fabricated. This can be done through various processes, including welding, machining, forming, or composite layup techniques, depending on the material and design specifications.

4. Welding or Bonding: If the tank material is weldable, welding processes are used to join the components together. For non-weldable materials like CFRP, bonding techniques may be employed. Specialized welding methods and bonding agents suitable for the chosen material are used to ensure strong and leak-free connections.

5. Quality Control and Testing: Throughout the fabrication process, quality control measures are implemented to ensure the integrity and safety of the tank. Non-destructive testing methods, such as visual inspections, ultrasonic testing, or pressure testing, are performed to verify the structural integrity and identify any defects or leaks.

6. Surface Treatment and Coating: After fabrication, the tank's surfaces may undergo surface treatment and coating processes to enhance corrosion resistance, improve durability, and provide additional protection against environmental factors.

7. Final Assembly: Once all the individual components are fabricated, they are assembled to form the complete tank. This includes attaching fittings, valves, and any additional accessories necessary for the tank's functionality.

8. Inspection and Certification: The finished tank undergoes a final inspection to ensure it meets the required standards, regulations, and specifications. Certification may be obtained to verify compliance with industry standards and safety regulations.