Energy Conversion System 2

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References:

1. Kreith, F, Goswami, DY, Energy Conversion (Mechanical Engineering), CNC Press, 2007

2. Hefni B E, Bouskela Daniel, Modeling and Simulation of Thermal Power Plants with ThermoSysPro, Spinger, 2019

3. Haar L, Gallagher J, Kell G, NBS/NRC steam tables: thermodynamic and transport properties and computer program for vapor and liquid states of water in SI units. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, 1975

4. Wagner W, Kruse A, The industrial standard IAPWS-IF97 for the thermodynamic properties and other properties of water and steam. Springer, 1998

Contents

2 Review of Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

2.1 What Are Thermodynamics and Thermal Hydraulics?

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2.2 Thermodynamic Processes

2.3 Properties of Substances

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2.3.1 Density and Specific Volume

2.3.2 Pressure

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2.3.3 Temperature

2.3.4 Energy

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2.3.5 Enthalpy

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2.3.6 Entropy

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2.4 State of a Physical System

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2.5 Selection of the State Variables

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2.6 Definition of a Thermodynamic System

2.7 Types of Thermodynamic Systems

2.7.1 Isolated System

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2.7.2 Closed System

2.7.3 Open System

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2.8 Laws of Thermodynamics

2.8.1 First Law

2.8.2 Second Law

2.9 Thermodynamic Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.9.1 The Brayton Cycle

2.9.2 The Rankine Cycle

2.10 The Ideal Gas Law

2.11 Polytropic Processes

2.12 Heat Transfer Processes

3 Averaged Physical Quantities

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3.1 Fluxes and Flows of Specific Extensive Quantities

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3.2 Average Density

3.3 Average of Specific Extensive Quantities

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3.4 Average of Other Quantities

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3.5 Average of Phase-Related Quantities

3.6 Notation

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7 Boiler (Steam Generator) Modeling

7.1 Detailed Modeling of the Boiler

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7.2 Simplified Modeling of the Boiler

7.2.1 Modeling Principles

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7.2.2 Nomenclature

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7.2.3 Governing Equations

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7.2.4 Modelica Component Model: FossilFuelBoiler

7.2.5 Test-Case

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8 Combustion Chamber Modeling

8.1 Combustion Chamber for a Gas Turbine

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8.1.1 Modeling Principles

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8.1.2 Nomenclature

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8.1.3 Governing Equations

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8.1.4 Modelica Component Model: GTCombustionChamber

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8.1.5 Test-Case

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8.2 Combustion Chamber for Boiler Furnace

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8.2.1 Modeling Principles

8.2.2 Nomenclature

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8.2.3 Governing Equations

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8.2.4 Modelica Component Model: GenericCombustion1D

8.2.5 Component Model Validation

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