Teddy Tumenggung

Introduction

Introduction Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh, Perkenalkan saya Teddy Tumenggung mahasiswa Teknik Perkapalan 2021 dengan NPM 2106704194. Saya lahir di Jakarta pada tanggal 01 Januari 2003 dan berdomisili di Kabupaten Bogor.

Perkuliahan 26/05/23

Pertemuan Pertama merupakan kelas pertama Metode Numerik dengan dosen Dr. Ir. Ahmad Indra Siswantara atau dipanggil dengan Pak DAI. Kelas dimulai dengan beliau memperkenalkan diri terlebih dahulu kepada mahasiswanya. Dilanjutkan dengan membahas seberapa tertariknya mahasiswa dengan mata kuliah Metode Numerik ini dengan menunjuk ke beberapa mahasiswa yang ada dikelas. Beliau mengaskan kepada mahasiswanya untuk memanfaatkan potensi yang dimiliki sebaik mungkin dan menekankan kepada mahasiswanya untuk memanfaatkan waktu sebaik mungkin untuk belajar dengan mandiri tidak hanya pada saat perkuliahan dan juga berinteraksi dengan dosen. Lalu beliau mencoba untuk mengajak mahasiswa untuk lebih memahami Metode Numerik dengan memberikan contoh soal serta memberikan penugasan agar mahasiswa lebih memahami penerapan Metode Numerik ini dalam kehidupan aktual.

Design & Optimization of Pressurized Hydrogen Storage

Specification

Volume  : 1 Liter

Pressure : 8 bar

cost  : Rp 500.000

Hydrogen is the most abundant gas in nature, which is around 75%. This makes people think about making hydrogen as a renewable energy. Hydrogen is considered a renewable energy source because it can be produced using abundant natural resources such as water and solar energy. One of the advantages of hydrogen as a renewable energy is that when it is used as a fuel, the reaction produces only water as a by-product, without the emission of greenhouse gases or other pollutants. In order to use energy sourced from hydrogen, of course we need a storage. With my limitations in designing I concius that I need help in this case to get information using GPT Chat and another resource. To designing pressurized hydrogen storage requires considering the following factors:

1. Pressure levels

2. Storage methods

3. Materials

4. Integration with renewable energy

And there are several steps in designing this hydrogen storage

Determine the required storage capacity

In case we need to calculate the amount of hydrogen to store based on specific application. Consider factors such as daily demand, peak usage, and storage duration. This will help to determine the size and number of storage tanks required.

Select the storage tank type

There are several types of storage tanks for pressurized hydrogen, including steel cylinders, composite cylinders, and cryogenic tanks.

Assess the storage pressure

We need to determine the appropriate storage pressure for application. Higher pressure allows for more hydrogen to be stored in a given volume but requires stronger and more expensive storage tanks.

Analyze safety considerations

Safety is paramount when designing a hydrogen storage system. Evaluate the safety features required for your specific application, such as pressure relief devices, leak detection systems, and adequate ventilation. Ensure compliance with applicable safety standards and regulations to minimize the risk of accidents.

Geometry Optimization

Geometry Optimization calculations for storage space

import math
from scipy.optimize import minimize

def surface_area(x):
    # x[0] represents the radius, x[1] represents the height
    r = x[0]
    h = x[1]
    
    # Calculate the surface area of the cylindrical container
    surface_area = 2 * math.pi * r * (r + h)
    
    return surface_area

def volume_constraint(x):
    # x[0] represents the radius, x[1] represents the height
    r = x[0]
    h = x[1]
    
    # Calculate the volume of the cylindrical container
    volume = math.pi * r**2 * h
    
    # Constraint: volume should be equal to 1 liter (1000 cubic centimeters)
    return volume - 1000

# Initial guess for radius and height
x0 = [1.0, 1.0]

# Define the optimization problem
problem = {
    'type': 'eq',
    'fun': volume_constraint
}

# Solve the optimization problem
result = minimize(surface_area, x0, constraints=problem)

# Extract the optimal values
optimal_radius = result.x[0]
optimal_height = result.x[1]
optimal_surface_area = result.fun

# Print the results
print(f"Optimal Radius: {optimal_radius:.2f} cm")
print(f"Optimal Height: {optimal_height:.2f} cm")
print(f"Minimum Surface Area: {optimal_surface_area:.2f} cm^2")

Based on the results obtained from the code, it can be inferred that the optimal configuration for a cylindrical tank, achieved by minimizing the surface area, corresponds to a height-radius ratio of 2:1. In particular, the tank has a height of 10.84 cm and a radius of 5.42 cm. These dimensions yield a surface area of 553.58 cm², which represents the smallest achievable area while satisfying the specified volume and pressure requirements.

Thickness Calculation

import math

def calculate_thickness(material, capacity, pressure):
    if material == "AISI 316":
        tensile_strength = 290  # MPa
        safety_factor = 3
    elif material == "Polyurethane":
        tensile_strength = 79.3  # MPa
        safety_factor = 4
    else:
        return "Invalid material"

    volume = capacity * 1000  # Convert capacity from liters to cubic centimeters
    pressure_pa = pressure * 0.1  # Convert pressure from bar to MegaPascal

    thickness = (pressure_pa * volume * safety_factor) / (2 * math.pi * tensile_strength)
    thickness_mm = thickness * 10  # Convert thickness from centimeters to millimeters

    return thickness_mm

AISI_316_thickness = calculate_thickness("AISI 316", 1, 8)
Polyurethane_thickness = calculate_thickness("Polyurethane", 1, 8)

print("Optimized thickness for AISI 316:", AISI_316_thickness, "mm")
print("Optimized thickness for Polyurethane:", Polyurethane_thickness, "mm")

The optimal thickness for a hydrogen tube with a 1 L capacity and 0.8 mPa pressure is split between AISI 316 thickness: 13.17 mm Polyurethane thickness: 64.22 mm

Surface Area Calculation

import math

def calculate_surface_area(radius, height):
    # Calculate the surface area of the tube
    base_area = math.pi * radius**2
    lateral_area = 2 * math.pi * radius * height
    surface_area = 2 * base_area + lateral_area

    return surface_area

def calculate_lowest_surface_area(height, radius, pressure, thickness):
    # Convert pressure from bar to Pascal
    pressure_pa = pressure * 100000

    # Convert thickness from mm to cm
    thickness_cm = thickness / 10

    # Adjust the radius and height by subtracting the thickness
    adjusted_radius = radius - thickness_cm
    adjusted_height = height - (2 * thickness_cm)

    # Calculate the surface area of the adjusted tube
    surface_area = calculate_surface_area(adjusted_radius, adjusted_height)

    return surface_area

# Define the input parameters
height = 10.84  # cm
radius = 5.42  # cm
pressure = 8  # bar
thickness = 13.17  # mm

# Calculate the lowest surface area
lowest_surface_area = calculate_lowest_surface_area(height, radius, pressure, thickness)

# Display the result
print(f"Luas permukaan terendah untuk tabung hidrogen dengan tinggi 10.84 cm, jari-jari 5.42 cm, tekanan 8 bar, dan ketebalan AISI 316 {thickness} mm:")
print(f"Luas Permukaan Terendah: {lowest_surface_area} cm^2")