Irfan Zidny

Assalamualaikum wr. wb. Hi Everyone My name is Irfan Zidny, but you can call me Zidny. Currently I am a student at the University of Indonesia, majoring in Mechanical Engineering.

My Biodata:

Name: Irfan Zidny

DOB: November 27 2002

NPM: 2006488051

Major: Mechanical Engineering

The purpose of this page is in order to post and educate myself in regards to many topics that i aim to learn during my Energy Conversion 2 Class, lead by Pak DAI. Insyallah, this page can help me organize and ease me in my education, proving it useful! Thank you and see you in my other posts.

FINAL TERM PROJECT

Link to Powerpoint and Programming analysis: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1MSabmGNmcEaqebbePGOScM20m1EuNSZ5PGvlSMWqsXE/edit?usp=sharing

Link to my Report regarding said Practicum: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yqXla5Kw6jghr1uqeAQ0et_RvbtDwr-QvKUCu9iuRTc/edit?usp=sharing

The experiment used a simple electrolysis experiment as its foundation. We created a hydrogen generator that can produce hydrogen atoms from the electrolyte of sodium bicarbonate. Aluminum/stainless steel metal plates are employed as conductors to connect the anode and cathode of the power source, producing oxygen and hydrogen as byproducts at the anode and cathode, respectively. The hydrogen gas is then kept in a mineral water bottle. The overall goal of the experiment was to use electrolysis and easily accessible materials to develop a straightforward and effective technique of producing hydrogen gas. The sodium bicarbonate electrolyte was successfully converted into hydrogen gas by using aluminum and stainless steel plates as conductors. The hydrogen gas was then kept for later use in a mineral water bottle.

The main objective of this study is to comprehensively investigate the power efficiency of hydrogen electrolysis. Through a systematic variation of key parameters such as current density, electrode materials, and electrolyte composition, our aim is to gain a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the efficiency of the electrolysis process. Additionally, we seek to explore the potential for optimizing these parameters to enhance power efficiency and contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable hydrogen production systems.

By identifying the factors that impact power efficiency, we can provide valuable insights to drive the advancement of advanced electrolyzer technologies, inform policy decisions related to hydrogen production, and contribute to the broader goal of establishing a carbon-neutral and sustainable energy ecosystem.

Electrolysis Class Project

What is Electrolysis

Electrolysis is a process that can be used to produce hydrogen by splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen using an electrical current. The electrolysis process involves passing an electric current through water, which causes the water molecules to break apart into their constituent elements.

The process of electrolysis requires an electrolytic cell, which consists of two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) and an electrolyte solution (usually water). When an electric current is applied to the cell, hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode, while oxygen gas is produced at the anode.

Electrolysis can be a clean and efficient method of producing hydrogen, as long as the electricity used to power the process is generated from renewable sources such as wind or solar power. If the electricity comes from fossil fuels, then the process can actually result in more greenhouse gas emissions than simply using the fossil fuels directly.

Usage of Hydrogen for ICE Engine

Hydrogen is an alternative fuel that can be used in internal combustion engines. In such engines, hydrogen is typically burned with oxygen to produce heat, which is then converted into mechanical energy through the engine's cylinders.

To use hydrogen as a fuel, a specialized internal combustion engine called a hydrogen combustion engine is required. This engine is similar to a gasoline engine, but it is designed to burn hydrogen fuel instead of gasoline. It has several key components, including an injector that injects hydrogen gas into the engine's cylinders, a spark plug that ignites the hydrogen, and a cooling system that manages the high temperatures generated by the combustion process.

When hydrogen is used as a fuel, it produces only water vapor and heat as byproducts. This makes it a very clean-burning fuel, as it produces no harmful emissions that contribute to air pollution or climate change. However, producing and storing hydrogen can be challenging and expensive, and there is currently a limited infrastructure for hydrogen refueling.

Despite these challenges, hydrogen combustion engines have the potential to play a role in the transition to more sustainable transportation systems. They offer a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality, particularly in heavily populated urban areas where air pollution is a major concern.

PRACTICUM

We conducted a direct practicum of electrolysis application to generate Hydrogen, in order to measure the amount of Hydrogen produced using our respective plates.

Personal Project PPT

Link: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1WHkNVgSJndR1zLLvMPks_MTBHm7B2NHZPnQNFwBo6l4/edit?usp=sharing

Chat GPT

What are the relationship between sugarcane factory, car battery, and liquid fuel?

Depending on the context, there are several possible connections among sugarcane factories, car batteries, and liquid fuel:

Sugarcane factories and liquid fuel: Sugarcane is a popular source of biofuel, particularly ethanol, which can be made from the plant's sugars. Ethanol can be produced as a byproduct or as the primary product at sugarcane factories and utilized as a liquid fuel for various purposes, including transportation.

Car batteries and liquid fuel: Car batteries are utilized to power up the engine and electronic systems in a vehicle, while liquid fuel like gasoline or diesel is used to drive the car's internal combustion engine.

Sugarcane factories and car batteries: Although there is no direct relationship between sugarcane factories and car batteries, producing sugarcane requires a significant amount of electricity that can be supplied by batteries or other energy storage systems. Additionally, car battery production may necessitate raw materials like lithium, cobalt, or nickel that are obtained from areas where sugarcane is grown.

Overall, even though there may not be an apparent connection among all three items, they are critical elements of the modern industrial economy and may be intertwined in various ways.

Personal Project: How Hybrid-cars can reduce carbon emission?

Mr. DAI and Prof. Adi gave us a personal assignment so that we could learn more about the Energy Conversion System 2 topic. Three choices for topics were presented: pyrolysis, electric vehicles, and IC engines. Later on, Open Modelica software will be used for this undertaking.

I chose my topic of choice to be, Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). Or more specifically, Hybrid technology implemented in ICE vehicles

The majority of people are conscious that hybrid electric vehicles use less fuel than regular gas-powered cars. But not everyone is conscious of the technical justifications for it. Regenerative braking, in which the electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain and the energy from the wheels functions as a generator to help turn the motor, is the only explanation that is frequently given. The benefits of a hybrid configuration helping to address internal combustion engines' intrinsic drawbacks are less frequently mentioned, though (ICEs).

Hybrid cars combine the use of an internal combustion engine with an electric motor and battery to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Here's how they work:

Engine: A hybrid car has a gasoline-powered internal combustion engine like a traditional car. It works in tandem with an electric motor.

Electric motor: The electric motor is powered by a battery pack that stores energy generated during braking or when the engine is running. The motor can also work as a generator to recharge the battery during braking or while the car is coasting.

Transmission: The transmission in a hybrid car is more complex than in a traditional car. It allows the electric motor and gasoline engine to work together or separately, depending on the driving conditions.

Regenerative braking: When you apply the brakes in a hybrid car, the electric motor goes into reverse to help slow the car down. This process generates electricity, which is sent to the battery for storage.

Battery: The battery pack is typically located in the rear of the vehicle and is charged by the engine, regenerative braking, and sometimes by plugging the car into an electric outlet.

Control system: A computer controls the hybrid system, managing the flow of power between the engine, electric motor, and battery.

The combination of the gasoline engine and electric motor allows hybrid cars to operate more efficiently than traditional cars. The electric motor can assist the gasoline engine, reducing the amount of fuel it needs to operate. When the car is stopped, the gasoline engine can turn off completely, saving fuel. The result is a vehicle that produces lower emissions and gets better gas mileage than a traditional car.

With that, I found interest in learning more regarding Hybrid-vehicle technologies, and how it can help in fuel economy, and in turn too help reduce carbon emissions. Also, whether or not its technology is feasible to be applied in mass. I too, will study just how big of a difference in carbon emission Hybrid cars have to a standard ICE car, and explain the reason why if it happens to be a large margin.

Class Notes

February 28th

How are pyrolysis and I.C.E. different from one another? Pyrolysis produces energy from solid materials while internal combustion engines require liquid fuel. Fuel is produced when a specific substance reacts with the environment, specifically carbon. Vibrational concerns in the environment and energy conversion systems

According to Mr. DAI, Tesla had the idea that electricity could be distributed wirelessly. He also said that in order to understand physics, we primarily need to understand energy and frequency.

Prof. ADI adds. Some people transform garbage into something considerably more useful. For instance, his doctoral student converted plastic waste into gasoline. This functions by dissolving an object's carbon chain molecule (in this case plastic). Later on, he goes on to say that education's main goal is to help people recognize the value of everything around them. The big question is "why is there so much rubbish all around us?" as the subject of waste separation continues. The topic of how we may manage waste more easily is then brought up in the conversation.

March 3rd

Pyrolysis -> Pyrolysis is a thermochemical conversion technique that decomposes organic or inorganic materials into solid, liquid, and gaseous products. Pyrolysis is a complex process that involves several chemical reactions, and the chemicals produced are highly dependent on the feedstock utilized and the operating parameters used. Pyrolysis can be accomplished by a variety of methods, including gasification, liquefaction, and combustion. The primary distinction between these routes is the sort of items produced and the process employed to make them.

One of the benefits of pyrolysis is that it can produce a variety of products depending on the operating settings. In pyrolysis, for example, little to no oxygen is utilized in the combustion process, which produces char, gas, and oil. Other conversion mechanisms, however, such as gasification, combustion, and liquefaction, can produce diverse outputs such as gas and liquid.

The type of feedstock utilized in pyrolysis is very important to the process and outcome. Municipal solid waste, plastic and polymer waste, lignocellulosic materials, sewage sludge, and paper waste are all possible feedstocks. Depending on the operating settings, each of these feedstocks can produce a variety of output products.

Pyrolysis demands high temperatures, and many heating sources, such as furnaces, steam, heating tapes, and microwaves, can be employed. The heating source selected can have an impact on the heating rate and heat transfer mechanism, and the reactor must be constructed properly to maximum efficiency. Fixed-bed, moving-bed, and microwave-induced pyrolysis reactors are all employed in pyrolysis.

To summarize, pyrolysis is a helpful biomass conversion process since it can produce a variety of products depending on the operating parameters. Pyrolysis is a complicated process involving several chemical reactions, and the feedstock and operational conditions utilized can have a major impact on the output. The choice of heating source and reactor architecture are other important factors in maximizing efficiency.

March 7th

Desalination -> the process of cleaning water from sea water to become drinking water. By filtration and using graphene (carbon compound). Pyrolysis produces charchoal / biocharcoal. Charcoal is produced from heated wood / coconut shells, while biochar is produced from biomass such as crop residue, wood chips, etc. Heated at a lower temperature than charcoal but with a longer duration. Charcoal is commonly used for fuel / energy sources, biochar for soil amendment.

March 24th: CLASS PROJECT

Class Project Update: Today i browsed and searched in shopping apps, and media in order to find the proper specifications for the plate i will be using for the class project. Below is the link to my progress today, and the shop of choice in which i purchased said plate.

Youtube Link: https://youtube.com/shorts/xTRgrzrFUOc?feature=share

CCIT WORKSHOP VISIT

On Friday, March 10, 2023, we had the opportunity to visit Pak DAI's workshop CCIT in Kukusan. There, we learned about the IC Engine and Pyrolysis in MRPP. (Mobile Refinery and Power Plant). Aside from that, we learned about Pak DAI's workshop at CCIT. Bang Tanwir and Bu Illa were the ones who introduced us to MRPP.

MRPP uses LPG to power the IC Engine and generate electricity and flue gases in the generator. The flue gasses will then be used to heat the Pyrlosis. The pyrolysis will take place in a reaction tank before being sent to a 4-series-condenser, where the product will be collected.

The pyrolysis produced charcoal, biosyngas, and crude bio oil. The pyrolysis products (biochar, biosyngas, and bio oil) will then be processed further in the MRPP by heating to roughly 400-550 degrees Celsius. The final product will be biochar, biosyngas, and bio oil, all of which can be used.